The Japanese Empire Flag (Rising Sun Flag) is a historical military flag of Japan, featuring a red sun with 16 red rays extending outward on a white field. First adopted by the Imperial Japanese Army in 1870 and later by the Imperial Japanese Navy in 1889, the flag symbolized Japan’s expansion as a major world power during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was prominently used throughout the Empire of Japan’s military campaigns, including during World War II.

Following Japan’s surrender in 1945, use of the Rising Sun Flag was restricted due to its strong associations with Japanese imperialism and wartime aggression. However, it remains in use today in limited contexts, particularly by the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force. While some view it as a traditional Japanese symbol of good fortune and prosperity, others regard it as a controversial emblem due to its historical connection with colonial rule and military occupation. The Japanese Empire Flag continues to be a subject of cultural and political debate in East Asia.